Make buildable with GCC in Linux

* replace GetThreadID with std::this_thread.getId()
* name all anonymous structs and unions that contain non-trivially constructable objects
* made default constructor for big endian type noexcept to make it work with std::atomic
* move instantiated specialized template function members ouside of the class definition to comply with the standard
* added default instantiation for template parameter "=nullptr"
* used the C++11 standardized thread_local instead of the __declspec(thread)
* added transitional definitions to bridge the microsoft specific calls (compare and exchange and aligned alloc)
* removed cyclic dependency between Emulator->CPUThreadManager->CPUThread->SMutex->Emulator->...
* fixed some instances of indentation by space instead of tabs
* surrounded some unused code with an #if 0 block to make sure it doesn't compile

rpcs3/Emu/FS/vfsLocalDir.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include "vfsLocalDir.h"
-#include <direct.h>
 
 vfsLocalDir::vfsLocalDir(vfsDevice* device) : vfsDirBase(device)
 {
@@ -50,4 +49,4 @@ bool vfsLocalDir::Rename(const wxString& from, const wxString& to)
 bool vfsLocalDir::Remove(const wxString& path)
 {
 	return wxRmdir(path);
-}
+}